Crisis and Emergency Contexts
Natural disasters or emergencies consist of occurrences like fires, floods, storms, heat waves, displacement, and domestic violence and put children at risk of harm or injury. Two kinds of families are considered: those whose lives have been affected by climate-related disasters, and those experiencing issues of domestic violence in the family.
Due to Australia’s history with bushfires, floods, massive storms, and extreme heat, it is crucial to carry out necessary disaster training for preschool-aged children. Different disasters can affect children in different ways and create issues and threats in terms of housing, family, education, and community (Chavez Marinkovic et al., 2022). Cologon and Hayden (2017) state that the most useful source of help children receive in the course of crises is people who help them to cope with the stress, both relatives and other community members.
Therefore, it is clear that one should have an understanding of the ecological approach, as the crisis can lead to the effects on many interconnected systems at once.
The existence of domestic abuse suggests that environmental perspectives should take into account this phenomenon, rather than limit their views only to the individual and family sphere. Such actions can often be habitual, instilling a sense of fear and harm into lots of relationships. Due to the fact that these experiences are engrained into their memory, educators are able to understand various forms of crisis and make sure children don’t become sensitive to bias.
Family domestic violence - This video helps educators understand family violence, recognise safety concerns, and connect families with appropriate support.
Impact on Children and Families
Natural disasters can lead children to evacuate their homes, damage homes, miss their early childhood education and care, lose their belongings, and spend some time away from loved ones. Some children may feel anxious when they have to leave their loved ones, suffer from sleep problems and become fearful of the weather. Children exposed to domestic violence can be affected psychologically. They can feel anxious or scared even if violence is not applied to them personally (1800RESPECT, 2026). Moreover, children should not be made to feel that their traumatic experiences define them, as the relationships they build in their community, together with the support and help of caring adults, can help them recover and become more resilient (Gurwitch et al., 2007; Szente, 2016).
Social Policy and Australian Responses
The Australian government has brought into effect the National Plan to End Violence against Women and Children for the period from 2022-2032 to combat the menace of violence in families (DSS, 2026); in addition to this effort, the MARAM Framework in the state of Victoria is responsible for the process of recognising, evaluating, and mitigating the risks associated with domestic violence (that is, violence against children) at the same time (Victorian Government, 2026). In terms of dealing with emergencies, the Australian Disaster Recovery Framework is responsible for the recovery process at all three levels, while the aim of the Disaster Ready Fund is to improve the resilience against disasters. All of the above-mentioned initiatives also implement early childhood care and education practice in relation to emergency planning, safety of children, and making mandatory reports, as well as raising awareness of domestic violence risks.
Five Evidence-Based Strategies
- Prepare children in developmentally appropriate ways - Emergency drills, visual routines and simple explanations can help children understand that trusted adults have plans to keep them safe without creating unnecessary fear (Szente, 2016).
- Restore everyday routines following disruption - Familiar meals, rest times, play experiences, songs and educators can help children regain predictability following crisis (Cologon & Hayden, 2017).
- Use play and creative expression - Children may represent disasters or difficult experiences through building, drawing, dramatic play or repetitive stories. Educators can sensitively observe and support this play without pressuring children to disclose experiences.
- Use trauma-informed and resilience-building responses - Offer consistent adults, choice, calm spaces and opportunities to name emotions. Birdie's Tree resources specifically use stories and play to help young children process frightening feelings and regain hope.
- Follow clear referral and safety procedures - Educators should know their mandatory-reporting, emergency and family-violence procedures. Where serious risk exists, specialised services should lead assessment and intervention.
Community and Professional Partnerships
- Australian Red Cross – Supports emergency preparedness, recovery and community resilience.
https://www.redcross.org.au/ - Victoria State Emergency Service – Provides emergency information, preparedness and response.
https://www.ses.vic.gov.au/ - 1800RESPECT – Australia's national domestic, family and sexual-violence counselling, information and support service.
https://1800respect.org.au/ - The Orange Door – Victorian access point for family-violence and family wellbeing support.
https://www.orangedoor.vic.gov.au/ - Psychologists, social workers and disaster-recovery professionals – Can support children's emotional recovery, safety planning and family connection.
Resources
Four Programs/Websites
Birdie's Tree – Children's Health Queensland – Provides storybooks, videos, games and educator resources for young children facing disasters and disruptive events.
https://www.childrens.health.qld.gov.au/our-work/birdies-tree-natural-disaster-recovery
Birdie's Tree Early Learning Program – Designed for early childhood educators and aligned with the EYLF and National Quality Standard.
Australian Red Cross Emergency Resources – Support family preparedness and community resilience.
https://www.redcross.org.au/emergencies/
1800RESPECT – Provides information about family violence, safety planning and referral options.
https://1800respect.org.au/
Four Videos/Shows/Digital Resources
Birdie's Tree Online Games – Help children explore weather, feelings and emergency helpers through interactive play.
Relaxing with Birdie – Uses breathing, movement and thinking strategies to help children calm their bodies when worried or frightened.
Birdie's Tree animated stories – Allow educators to combine visual storytelling with discussion of safety, feelings and recovery.
Play School weather and emergency-related episodes – Familiar presenters can support age-appropriate discussion of weather, community helpers and safety.
Four Children's Storybooks
The Birdie's Tree series is particularly appropriate because Children's Health Queensland identifies the books as suitable for babies and young children, especially birth to six years.
Birdie and the Fire
Helps children understand bushfires, emergency helpers and frightening feelings.
Birdie and the Flood
Supports children to understand flooding, safety and recovery. Children's Health Queensland describes it as helping children learn what flooding is, recognise helpers and work through scary emotions.
Birdie and the Cyclone
Supports discussion about severe weather, safety and rebuilding.
Birdie and the Shelter
Introduces emergency accommodation, uncertainty and the importance of supportive relationships.
All are available through:
https://www.childrens.health.qld.gov.au/our-work/birdies-tree-natural-disaster-recovery/birdies-tree-storybooks
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